espinar
to sting, to pierce, to cover with thorns or thorny branches
espinar present indicative
Habitual and ongoing actions in the present.
espinar present continuous
Action in progress right now. Periphrastic: estar (present) + gerund.
espinar preterite
Completed actions at a specific moment in the past.
espinar imperfect
Habitual past actions, descriptions, background.
espinar present perfect
Completed actions with present relevance. Auxiliary haber + participle.
espinar future
Actions yet to happen.
espinar informal future
Near-future plans. Periphrastic: ir (present) + a + infinitive.
espinar future perfect
Action that will have been completed by a future moment. Auxiliary haber (future) + participle.
espinar conditional
Hypothetical or polite would-actions.
espinar conditional perfect
Hypothetical past: would have done. Auxiliary haber (conditional) + participle.
espinar pluperfect
An action completed before another past action.
espinar subjunctive present
Desires, doubts, and hypotheticals in the present.
espinar subjunctive imperfect
Past subjunctive: desires, doubts, hypotheticals in the past.
espinar subjunctive present perfect
Completed actions in subjunctive contexts.
espinar subjunctive pluperfect
Past-perfect actions in subjunctive contexts.
espinar imperative (affirmative)
Affirmative commands.
espinar imperative (negative)
Negative commands: borrows subjunctive present.