ser
to be (essence)
Soy profesora de historia.
I am a history teacher.
ser present indicative
Habitual and ongoing actions in the present.
ser present continuous
Action in progress right now. Periphrastic: estar (present) + gerund.
ser preterite
Completed actions at a specific moment in the past.
ser imperfect
Habitual past actions, descriptions, background.
ser present perfect
Completed actions with present relevance. Auxiliary haber + participle.
ser future
Actions yet to happen.
ser informal future
Near-future plans. Periphrastic: ir (present) + a + infinitive.
ser future perfect
Action that will have been completed by a future moment. Auxiliary haber (future) + participle.
ser conditional
Hypothetical or polite would-actions.
ser conditional perfect
Hypothetical past: would have done. Auxiliary haber (conditional) + participle.
ser pluperfect
An action completed before another past action.
ser subjunctive present
Desires, doubts, and hypotheticals in the present.
ser subjunctive imperfect
Past subjunctive: desires, doubts, hypotheticals in the past.
ser subjunctive present perfect
Completed actions in subjunctive contexts.
ser subjunctive pluperfect
Past-perfect actions in subjunctive contexts.
ser imperative (affirmative)
Affirmative commands.
ser imperative (negative)
Negative commands: borrows subjunctive present.